A peer-reviewed scientific journal published semiannually by the Faculty of Arts – Al Khums, at Elmergib University. The journal is dedicated to publishing original research and scholarly studies in the fields of the humanities. It is issued electronically through the university’s website and was established by a decision of the President of Elmergib University in 2001. It is registered with the National Book House in Benghazi under legal deposit number (55/2021). The first issue was published in July 2001. As part of the journal’s development and the enhancement of its institutional identity, its name was changed to Elmergib Journal of Human Sciences, pursuant to University Council Decision No. 17 of 2025. The journal aspires to be among the leading scientific periodicals at the local, regional, and international levels and is managed by a distinguished group of faculty members from various academic disciplines. For correspondence with the journal’s editorial office: ehsj@elmergib.edu.ly
Libyan Students' Perceptions towards Using Facebook Storytelling Videos in Enhancing their Vocabulary Skills
The present study aims to explore the perceptions of Libyan students towards using Facebook storytelling videos in enhancing their vocabulary skills. Furthermore, it is aimed to discover the benefit of Facebook storytelling videos used by Libyan Students in enhancing their vocabulary skills. This study used a mixed method design. The researcher obtained quantitative data first by data gathering, analyzing and taking precedence in explanatory mixed method designs. Furthermore, the researcher used qualitative method to fully analyze the conclusions of the quantitative data. The researcher used a close-ended questionnaire as well as semi-structured interview as instruments in this study. The participants were twenty-five Libyan students studying at the fourth year at English language department, Faculty of Education, Mesalata, Elmergib University during the academic year 2024-2025. Seven participants were male and eighteen participants were female. twenty-five Participants were chosen to conduct a close-ended questionnaire as well as the researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with six participants out of twenty-five participants who were chosen to represent other students based on their engagement in class and their scores. This study revealed that Libyan students are using Facebook as a popular platform for enhancing their vocabulary in English. The findings showed that Facebook platform is a very active and easy way for university students who want to improve their language skills. Also, Libyan students enjoy learning by watching Facebook Storytelling videos. The researcher also found out that Facebook storytelling videos is a motivational tool to learn new words and know their meaning.
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The Multifaceted Landscape of Language Acquisition: From Innate Structures to Dynamic Interactions
The acquisition and learning of language represent one of humanity's most complex cognitive achievements, sparking diverse theoretical perspectives among researchers. This paper explores the foundational and evolving viewpoints on how individuals master language, moving beyond the traditional "nature versus nurture" dichotomy. It begins by examining Noam Chomsky's nativist theory, highlighting his crucial distinction between linguistic competence (innate knowledge) and performance (actual language use), and the concepts of Universal Grammar and the Language Acquisition Device. While Chomsky's work profoundly influenced linguistics, psychology maintained a strong interest in observable language performance. The paper then delves into B.F. Skinner's behaviorist account, which posits language as learned through reinforcement. Subsequently, it discusses cognitive theories, including Jean Piaget's emphasis on language emerging from general intellectual development, and Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural perspective, which stresses the role of social interaction and cultural tools. Critiques of these early theories, such as the challenges posed by specific genetic disorders, are also addressed. Finally, the paper explores modern, integrative approaches like functional linguistics, usage-based theories, connectionism, and emergentism, which seek to synthesize insights from various disciplines, emphasizing dynamic interactions between innate predispositions, environmental input, and general cognitive learning mechanisms. This comprehensive review underscores that language acquisition is a multifaceted phenomenon requiring an interdisciplinary understanding
العوامل البشرية ودورها في ازدهار التبادلات التجارية بين القبائل الجرمية والرومان المسيطرين على الإقليم الإمبوري (98 – 235م)
The geographical location, raw materials and commercial goods available in Central Africa and the German Kingdom, as well as the presence of ports, markets and industrial goods in the coastal cities under Roman control, the workforce on both sides and the roads linking the north and south were among the most important factors that led to the change of the hostile relationship to peaceful relations between the Garamantes and the Romans; because the Garamantes were not able to dispense with the markets and commercial ports of the coastal cities; because they were the natural outlet for their commercial activity and the centers of connection between them and the ports of the Mediterranean Sea. As for the Romans, they were also able to dispense with the raw materials and goods available in Central Africa, which their commercial caravans were not able to reach except through the mediation and protection of the Garamantes. The study will rely on the analytical narrative approach in formulating information related to the study. The research was divided into the following Items: First: Geographical Location. Second: Human Factors: 1- Labor Force. 2- Ports and Markets. 3- Trade Routes. 4- Availability of Transportation. 5- Spread of Security and Stability.
"الحياة الثقافية في بلاد المغرب الأقصى خلال عصر بني مرين ( القرنان السابع – التاسع الهجريان / الثالث عشر– الخامس عشر الميلاديان)"
The research explores the interconnection between political, social, and cultural developments in the Maghreb al-Aqsa (Morocco). It highlights the impact of Marinid rule stability and the patronage of scholars in shaping intellectual life. The study addresses the research gap concerning this topic and focuses on the following problem: *What were the manifestations of cultural flourishing in the Maghreb al-Aqsa during the Marinid era?* *How did political and social transformations contribute to shaping the cultural scene during that period?* The study hypothesizes that relative political stability, state sponsorship of science and scholars, along with interaction with the Mashriq (East) and al-Andalus, were the main factors that contributed to the flourishing of cultural life in the Maghreb al-Aqsa during the Marinid era. **The significance of the research lies in:** 1. Revealing the political and social factors that fostered the cultural prosperity of the Marinid period. 2. Highlighting the role of rulers, scholars, and scientific centers in spreading knowledge. 3. Analyzing the impact of travels and migrations in enriching the cultural environment. 4. Evaluating the influence of educational institutions in consolidating thought and knowledge in the Maghreb al-Aqsa.
آراء الطبري في التعدد الوظيفي للحرف في تفسيره جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن (الربع الأول أنموذجا)
This research addresses a specific topic in al-Tabari's interpretation, namely (al-Tabari's views on the functional multiplicity of letters in his interpretation, "Jami' al-Bayan 'an Ta'wil Ayat al-Qur'an," the first quarter, as a model). The research is divided into an introduction, two sections, and a conclusion. The first chapter briefly presents a biography of Imam al-Tabari, which is self-explanatory. The second chapter discusses the manifestations of functional multiplicity in letters (waw, aw, lam, and la).
الحملة الصليبية الخامسة (الأسباب المباشرة وغير المباشرة)
This research addresses one of the crucial and intricate historical topics related to the causes of the Fifth Crusade, focusing directly on the outcomes of these campaigns. The causes are divided into *direct causes*, which are further classified into three categories: the first pertains to the Islamic side, the second concerns the Crusader side, and the third relates to the European context. The *indirect causes* include the political, economic, and social factors that prevailed in Europe prior to the launch of the Fifth Crusade. The researcher examines the role of all these causes collectively in shaping the features of the Arab and Islamic world and its intellectual foundations. The study also reviews some of the results of the Seventh Crusade, which is considered one of the most significant Crusader campaigns faced by the Islamic world due to its profound negative consequences on Islamic society. Furthermore, the research highlights the role of scholars, thinkers, and historians in transmitting intellectual heritage and shaping a critical vision of history. From the Crusaders’ perspective, the *direct reason* for launching the campaign was to reclaim Jerusalem; however, this goal could not be achieved without first seizing control of Egypt, whose human and economic potential made it the arsenal of the Islamic world and the primary obstacle standing in the way of their conquest of the Levant and Jerusalem in particular.
أساليب التنشئة الوالدية الخاطئة وعلاقتها بالسلوك العدواني لدى المراهقين ببلدية الخمس
This research came under the title: The methods of wrongful parentation and their relationship to aggressive behavior among adolescents, and through research in the various methods that parents follow with their children, as they are diverse and different from one family to another, the methods have varied in terms of rejection and acceptance to tolerance of independence, neglecting exaggeration in care. The focus has been on methods (neglect, domination and excessive protection) and its relationship to aggressive behavior in adolescents. This research aims to reveal the relationship between the methods of the wrong parental treatment with aggressive behavior as the children realize, and the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach due to its suitability for this research. Information and data were collected through the questionnaire of (63) phrases distributed over four dimensions, namely (physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, enmity). In this study, the researchers have adopted the application of methodological and scientific research tools to try to ensure the validity of the content or content of questions, using several technologies in addition to observation and interview. The research concluded that there is a statistically significant relationship (directly)Between the method of cruelty as a method of parental treatment and aggressive behavior of the teenager. And that there is a positive statistical relationship between the method of neglect and aggressive behavior of the teenager.
التوزيع الجغرافي للناخبين في انتخابات مجلس النواب الليبي 2014م
The 2014 House of Representatives elections were accompanied by political and security challenges that impacted the electoral process and the population's interest in the elections and voter registration. These challenges included security chaos and instability, due to the presence of militias, the proliferation of weapons, and the escalation of violence, as well as the looting and vandalism of polling stations in some areas. This led some residents to refrain from participating in the elections and to the closure of many polling stations. In addition, there were disagreements over visions and seat allocation, as well as dissatisfaction with the previous elections (the 2012 General National Congress elections). The turnout in the parliamentary elections declined, as it had been in the General National Congress elections, and the electoral base declined due to declining trust between voters and political elites.
خطاب المقاومة في مقالات عبد اللطيف الشويرف دراسة تحليلية نقدية
This study offers a critical analysis of selected essays by Abdel Latif Al-Shuweirf, aiming to uncover the aesthetic and intellectual mechanisms shaping his resistance discourse. Adopting an analytical approach—both descriptive and interpretive—the research reveals a multi-layered discourse: deconstructive, through irony and critique of colonial claims; constructive, by reviving symbols like Omar Mukhtar and Maitiqah; and aesthetic, via kinetic metaphors and vivid imagery. The study also highlights how the colonized body becomes a symbolic battlefield, turning individual victims into collective emblems. Narrative techniques such as dramatic irony and rhythmic escalation deepen emotional impact. The texts emerge as literary-historical documents shaping national consciousness.
الروح والنفس مقارنة مفاهيمية في ضوء الفلسفة والدين
The issue of the soul and the spirit is a prime query in understanding human life, since they provide the basis for life and consciousness and are central to both philosophy and religion. Despite their constant presence in intellectual activity, their meaning is left open to interpretation and controversy, and thus study of these words is imperative to an improved understanding of human nature. This study aims to contrast the concepts of the soul and the spirit, research their relation with the physical body, and clarify the semantic distinction between them. The significance of this study lies in its convergence with religion, philosophy, and psychology, and its role in constructing a comprehensive understanding of human nature from an Islamic point of view. The research utilizes an analytic approach to unpack concepts and criticize corresponding texts, along with a comparative method to contrast philosophical positions against the Qur'anic perspective, to highlight differences and originality in every position. The conclusions express a keen semantic contrast between the spirit and the soul: the spirit is the divine energy of life, while the soul is the cognizant being responsible for its activities. The study also touches upon the novelty of the Qur'anic concept of the soul, its hierarchical structure, and its ethical role. Furthermore, it offers the balance Islam establishes between the body and the spirit, avoiding the extremes of prioritizing one over the other. The study recommends future research in Islamic psychology and the development of therapeutic and educational models based on the Qur'an, and encouraging future studies into related issues such as consciousness, free will, and immortality.
دور الأسرة في توجيه أبنائها للعلاج بالحجامة في المجتمع الليبي (مدينة مسلاته أنموذجا)
This study aims to identify the role of the family in directing its members to cupping therapy, the reasons for the spread of cupping, and the most popular folk remedies in the study community. The study relied on the social survey method with a sample, and on the interview guide, and reached several results, the most important of which are the following: The family plays a guiding role for cupping therapy in the study community, and it was at a rate of (52.3%). Advice is one of the main reasons for seeking cupping therapy, and it was at a rate of (63.6%). The field study showed that the most popular folk remedies in the study community were (cupping) at a rate of (65%), followed by (herbs) at a rate of (15.3%), followed by treatment with the Holy Quran at a rate of (12.7%) and cauterization at a rate of (7%), which indicates the prevalence of folk remedies in the study community.
الخصائص النفسية والاجتماعية لمدمن المخدرات
This study aims to examine the psychological and social characteristics of drug addicts, and to identify the major consequences of drug abuse across different dimensions—psychological, social, health-related, legal, and religious. The research relied on a review of relevant literature and previous studies, in addition to analyzing the findings within the theoretical framework. The results revealed that drug abuse leads to various psychological disorders, including anxiety, tension, depression, poor concentration, and diminished cognitive abilities, alongside physical complications such as fatigue, headaches, and tremors. Furthermore, addicts display negative social characteristics, most notably family disintegration, weakened social relationships, frequent conflicts, and engagement in deviant environments, all of which contribute to a gradual deterioration of personal and social traits. At the international level, the study highlighted that global and Arab organizations have devoted significant attention to combating drugs, through the establishment of specialized offices, the enactment of deterrent legislation, and the organization of international conferences. The World Health Organization has also emphasized that addiction constitutes both a psychological and physiological condition requiring preventive and therapeutic interventions. The study concludes that addressing drug abuse necessitates an integrated approach combining preventive, therapeutic, and legislative measures, while reinforcing the role of families, educational, religious, and health institutions, as well as civil society, in curbing this phenomenon. It further recommends conducting in-depth field studies, organizing awareness campaigns, and expanding rehabilitation centers, in order to reintegrate addicts into society in a healthy and constructive manner.
التحليل اللغوي للآيات المتشابهة في اللفظ في القرآن الكريم دراسة وصفية تحليلية
Linguistic Analysis of Similar Verses in the Holy Quran A Descriptive-Analytical Study This research examines similar verses in the Holy Quran from a grammatical perspective, highlighting the subtle differences in grammatical structure that lead to differences in meaning despite the apparent similarity in wording. The researcher adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, reviewing examples of these verses and deconstructing their grammatical structures to clarify the secrets of Quranic expression. The research demonstrated that Quranic grammar transcends rigid rules, expressing a high degree of linguistic flexibility that interacts with the context and situation, contributing to the construction of meaning in a precise and effective manner. It also demonstrated that studying this phenomenon opens new horizons for understanding the Quranic text and rehabilitates grammar as a tool for understanding meaning, not merely formal rules.
أثر الدلالات اللغوية في بناء الفروع على الأصول الشريف التلمساني أنموذجا
يأتي هذا البحث لتأكيد العلاقة بين قواعد العربية وبين علم أصول الفقه، وذلك من خلال البحث عن أثر الدلالات اللغوية في اختلاف الفقهاء في فن بناء الفروع على الأصول. ويمكن صياغة مشكلة البحث في سؤال مختصر وهو: ما نوع العلاقة بين قواعد اللغة العربية وأصول الفقه، وما هي ملامح وحقيقة الاستدلال بها وأثر ذلك في اختلاف الفقهاء عند بناء الفروع على الأصول. وقد جعلت هذا البحث في مبحثين: الأول: نظري وخصصته للتعريف بعلم بناء الفروع على الأصول والإمام التلمساني وكتابه وجاء هذا المبحث في مطلبين. أما المبحث الثاني فهو التطبيقي وقد اخترت فيه عينات للدراسة على سبيل المثال للبحث فيها من كتاب التلمساني.
المعجم الشعري في الشعر الليبي ديوان ( خواطر الكنانة) إنموذجا
The Poetic Dictionary of Libyan Poetry, the Diwan "Khawatir Al-Kanana" as a Model That known that every poet has his own dictionary that distinguishing him from others, and he sharing some words and phrases with other poets. The Libyan poet is part of the nation's poets who used the Arabic language to express their feelings and thoughts, drawing on the cultures around them. This poet, the subject of this research, that representing one of the contemporary poets. The researcher chosen him to show the sources of his poetic dictionary, supported by evidence that showing the extent of the culture of Libyan poets. This research is consisting of an introduction, a preface that including: an introduction to the poet, an introduction to the collection, and a section on the religious dictionary in which the poet tackled: religious terms such as: Hajj, prayer, fasting, and Eids, quoting their meanings from: the Holy Qur’an and the pure prophetic Sunnah. Topic: Dictionary of Nature, which derived its words from: the picturesque nature with its mountains, plains, sea, and land. Section: Dictionary of Heritage Words, in which he summoned ancient heritage words and expressed them in his poetry; to show us the extent of the poet’s culture and linguistic ability. A conclusion containing the most important results and a list of sources and references.
الإعلام الليبي ودوره في الاستقرار الاجتماعي دراسة سوسيوإعلامية على بعض القنوات الفضائية (المرئية) من 2011 إلى 2023
أصبحت التغيرات العالمية اليوم متسارعة عما كانت عليه، وكان للإعلام بوسائله المتعددة الدور الرئيس في إحداثها، وتم التركيز في هذه الدراسة على دور الإعلام الفضائي المرئي الليبي في الاستقرار الاجتماعي في الفترة الممتدة من 2011 إلى 2023 من خلال آراء أعضاء هيئة التدريس بكلية الآداب الجميل التابعة لجامعة صبراتة، وكلية التربية تيجي بجامعة الزنتان، باتباع منهج الوصف والتحليل والتفسير والمقارنة، والعينة العشوائية، وجُمعت المعلومات بالاستبانة، والنتائج التي تم التوصل إليها هي: المستوى المتوسط والقريب من المنخفض في التزام القنوات الفضائية المرئية الليبية بدورها هي محاور الدراسة (الجانب الاجتماعي وجانب الهوّية الوطنية والجانب الأخلاقي، والجانب السياسي، وأما في الجانب التعليمي كان المستوى فيه منخفضاً)، وأما مستوى التزام القنوات الفضائية المرئية الليبية ودورها في الاستقرار الاجتماعي فقد كان متوسطاً وأقرب إلى الانخفاض، وأظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق إحصائية بين آراء أعضاء هيئة التدريس بالجامعتين حول المستوى المتوسط لدور الإعلام المرئي الليبي، وعلى عكس ذلك وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية تعزى للنوع بين آراء أعضاء هيئة التدريس بالجامعتين حول المستوى المتوسط لدور الإعلام الفضائي المرئي الليبي ولصالح الإناث، كما توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تعزى للدرجة العلمية بين آراء أعضاء هيئة التدريس حول المستوى المتوسط لدور الإعلام الفضائي المرئي الليبي ولصالح درجة الماجستير من أفراد العينة.
الشعر التعليمي عند الشيخ محمد مفتاح قريو، منظومة الحقائق النحوية أنموذجا
Instructional poetry is one of the methods used by scholars to preserve knowledge, facilitate it, and make it accessible to learners. Through it, knowledge has been preserved, and through it, people have learned about religious and worldly matters. It presents knowledge in a simple, accessible manner that is deeply embedded in the mind and easily recalled whenever required. This is because people love poetry, are drawn to it, and take pride in memorizing it and citing it. From this standpoint, this paper titled (Educational Poetry of Sheikh Muhammad Muftah Qaryu, the System of Grammatical Truths as a Model) aims to unveil a master of this art. He is one of its prominent figures, and his life, teachers, and students are presented, clarifying his methodology in the systems. Before this, a brief overview of the meaning of educational poetr.
التناصّ الديني في شعر عبد اللطيف الشويرف
the religious text has always constituted a fertile source of inspiration for poets and writers throughout the various eras of literature, providing creative potential through its diverse connotations and rich meanings. Intertextuality serves as a critical criterion in literary texts; it is among the significant standards employed to trace and identify the cultural tributaries and intellectual references upon which the poet relies to enrich his works, enhancing their depth and impact. It also highlights the poet’s relationship with heritage, the ways in which he employs it, and the extent of its influence on his creativity. Through this dynamic engagement, contemporary Libyan poetry keeps pace with the remarkable literary developments witnessed in other Arab countries and secures the position it rightfully deserves. In contribution to this scholarly pursuit, the present study is entitled: “Religious Intertextuality in the Poetry of Sheikh Abdul-Latif Al-Shuweirif.”
الحياة الاقتصادية لدى المكابيين وأثرها على علاقتهم بالأنباط في الفترة من167-100 ق.م
relationships between ancient civilizations, and this remains true even today. ​​This study focuses specifically on the Maccabees and their economic interactions with the Nabataeans, examining this aspect in isolation from other factors, such as religious and social ones, as suggested by many scholars. This approach highlights how the Maccabees transformed from a primarily agrarian, rebellious entity into a regional power controlling trade routes, thus becoming economic rivals of the Nabataeans. This competition for available resources shaped the nature of their relationship, characterized by conflict and temporary alliances, ultimately leading to the exhaustion of both the Maccabean and Nabataean powers and paving the way for Roman domination. Therefore, we argue that the economic life of various ancient civilizations, whether peaceful or antagonistic, was fundamentally driven by economic factors and resources, even if other factors, such as religion, appeared to be more prominent, as many scholars claim.
زيارات الرحالة والمستكشفين الاوروبيين لولاية طرابلس الغرب خلال القرن التاسع عشر
This study explores the journeys of European travelers and explorers to the Tripolitania region during the nineteenth century, a period when the province served as one of the most significant geographical and commercial gateways to the interior of the African continent. Tripolitania functioned as a principal departure point toward Sudan, and its strategic location made it a focal hub for European rivalry over trade routes and geographical knowledge. The paper analyzes the attitudes of Tripolitanian rulers toward these travelers: while Yusuf Pasha al-Qaramanli initially welcomed and supported them, the Ottoman authorities later adopted a more cautious approach as they became increasingly aware of the colonial ambitions underlying such expeditions. The research also outlines the major challenges faced by the travelers, ranging from European rivalries and security or tribal threats to religious fanaticism that sometimes compelled them to disguise themselves as Muslims. Furthermore, the study highlights prominent examples of travelers who documented the political, social, economic, and urban life of the region, rendering their accounts vital sources for understanding its history. Ultimately, the research underscores the pivotal role of Tripolitania in modern African history and sheds light on the intersection between European exploration and colonial ambitions.
مسألةُ لامِّ الجُحود بينَ توجيهاتِّ المف سرين وخلافِّ النحاة
يَتناوَلُ هذا البحثُ مَسألةَ النَّصْبِ بَعدَ لامِ الجُحودِ، وهي منَ القَضايا النَّحويَّةِ التي ثارَ فيها الخِلافُ بَيْنَ البَصريِّينَ والكُوفيِّينَ. فالبَصريُّونَ ذَهَبوا إلى أَنَّ العَامِلَ في نَصْبِ الفِعلِ المُضارِعِ هو (أَنْ) المُضْمَرةُ وُجوبًا بَعدَ اللَّامِ، وأنَّ اللَّامَ حَرفُ جَرٍّ زائِدٌ يَعمَلُ في المَصْدَرِ المُؤَوَّلِ، فَيَعودُ النَّصْبُ أَصلًا إلى (أَنْ). أمَّا الكُوفيُّونَ، فَرأَوا أَنَّ لامَ الجُحودِ هي النَّاصِبَةُ بِنَفْسِها، مُشَبَّهَةً بلامِ التَّعليلِ في العَمَلِ. وقد عَرَضَ البَحثُ شَواهِدَ قُرآنيَّةً وشِعريَّةً تُؤَيِّدُ كُلَّ مَذْهَبٍ، مُبيِّنًا أنَّ تَقديرَ (أَنْ) أَوفَقُ بالقِياسِ النَّحويِّ وسِياقاتِ الكِتابِ الكَريمِ. وخَلَصَ إلى تَرجيحِ مَذْهَبِ البَصريِّينَ لِتَوافُقِه مَعَ القَواعِدِ النَّحويَّةِ والدَّلالاتِ القُرآنيَّةِ.
يعقوب بن كِلِّس ودوره السياسي بين الإخشيديين والفاطميين (دراسة تحليلية)
This research explores the life of the Fatimid vizier Ya‘qub ibn Killis, whose prominence emerged in the 4th century AH (10th century CE. He represents a historical figure who, through intelligence and acumen, transcended the boundaries of his social and religious identity to reach the pinnacle of political authority. The study poses several key questions: Who was Ibn Killis? What prompted his departure from al-Sham and his flight to Egypt? What role did he play in the Ikhshidid state, and how did he gain favor with its rulers? Why did he leave al-Sham, which was under the Ikhshidids, and head to Egypt? Was his conversion to Islam a purely religious transformation, or did it have political dimensions aligned with Fatimid interests? And why did he choose the Maghreb, then under Fatimid control—as his refuge? These and other questions will be examined and addressed throughout the course of this Research.
الرموز الدينية الرومانية في مدينة لبدة الكبرى: قراءة في النقوش الكتابية والشواهد الأثرية
During the Roman era, the Leptis Magna witnessed remarkable religious diversity, manifested in the spread of Roman, Greek, and Eastern symbols and worship, such as ancient Egyptian. This diversity left a clear impact on the city's religious life, a resonance reflected in the various inscriptions and archaeological remains. Therefore, the importance of this study lies in its reliance on primary sources, such as inscriptions and archaeological evidence. This further enhances its credibility and contributes to painting an accurate picture of the nature of worship in Leptis Magna during the Roman era, especially given the scarcity of other sources. The objectives of the study are: to analyze the religious inscriptions and archaeological remains discovered in Leptis Magna, to identify the symbols worshiped in the city, and to monitor manifestations of reconciliation between ancient and Roman religions. The problem of the study: Despite the abundance of archaeological evidence and inscriptions in Leptis Magna, there is a lack of studies that address this subject from a religious perspective. Therefore, the problem of the study is represented by the following question: What Roman religious symbols enjoyed a prominent and visible presence in Leptis Magna during the Roman era, as revealed by inscriptions and archaeological data? In terms of methodology, the study will adopt the historical-analytical approach based on the analysis of various inscriptions, in addition to the descriptive approach to addressing the archaeological remains of temples and various sculptural works. The study concluded that Leptis Magna was a model for studying the interaction between different cultures during the Roman era, especially on the religious level. It revealed the extent of the diversity of deities that was a noticeable presence, and evidence also shows that some of the city's local elements adopted Roman deities. It also indicates that the temples and all other works of art were not merely works of art, but rather a profound reflection of the extent of religiosity prevalent in the city.
المنهج السيميائي وتحليل النصوص التاريخية
The semiotic approach is a modern approach to analyzing texts of a historical and cultural nature. It attempts to uncover the symbolic patterns that regularly conceal themselves behind social phenomena or textual discourses, far from approaching historical events from the perspective of external description or linear interpretation. The semiotic approach contributes to transcending history as a record of facts and events to considering it as texts laden with meaning, produced throughout history by authorities, accumulated knowledge, and the collective imagination. In this context, history is not merely a series of facts and events, but rather texts bearing connotations that reproduce memory, identity, and legitimacy. Herein lies the importance of semiotic analysis in revealing the intellectual (ideological) and interpretive nature of historical records, whether political discourse, economic and social texts, documents, rituals, or mythological narratives. Therefore, the semiotic approach is an effective interpretive approach to deconstructing and analyzing historical texts, not as a reflection of the past and reporting on it, but rather as symbolic systems that produce and reposition meanings. In a specific cultural and authoritarian context, this requires a deep awareness of the central semiotic approaches as formulated by philosophers interested in this method. From our perspective, the reader-researcher cannot employ semiotic analytical tools for historical texts without knowledge and familiarity with the theoretical approaches they formulated.
قراءة في قصيدة الاستنجاد للشاعر أحمد بن عبد الدائم الأنصاري (دراسة تحليلية)
This research examines the historical poem by the poet Ahmed bin Abdul Daim Al-Ansari, written following the French attack on Tripoli in 1728 AD, as a literary document that reveals the political and military features of the Ottoman province of Tripoli in the eighteenth century. The findings reveal how the poem embodies the hierarchical relationship between the province and the Ottoman center, the extent of awareness of technological disparities with European powers, the role played by religious discourse in strengthening political legitimacy, and the role of poetry as an effective means of political communication to convey the concerns of the peripheries to the center.
تأثير اللغة الايطالية على اللهجة الليبية
Come sappiamo tutti che la Libia ha come lingua ufficiale la lingua araba standard, però nelle comunicazioni quotidiane la gente sempre parlano un dialetto che deriva principalmente dall'arabo standard ( ALFUSHA ). Questo dialetto è influenzato però dalle lingue dei popoli che avevano già occupato la Libia nei secoli precedenti ( fenici, greci, turchi, italiani, inglesi, ecc..). In questa ricerca cerco di focalizzare l'infeluenza dell'italiano nel nostro dialetto parlato.
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علماء الأندلس وجهودهم في توطين العلوم النقلية بالمغرب الأقصى
ساهم علماء الأندلس خلال القرنين السادس والسابع الهجري / الثاني والثالث للميلاد في نقل وتنشيط تعليم العلوم النقلية، حيث ساهم هذا في ظهور فئة ونخبة علمية في المجتمع المغربي اهتمت بتعليم تلك العلوم وما تحويه من قراءات وتجويد القرآن الكريم، إضافة إلى تعلم تفسيره والتفقه فيه، أيضا حفظ الأحاديث النبوية ودراسة علم الكلام والتصوف.
الخوارج والبغاة والمحاربون (تحديد المصطلح وأثره على الأحكام والعقوبات) "دراسة فقهية تحليلية"
إن بعض الناس اليوم يخوض في قضايا ونوازل لا يدرك ماهيتها ولا جزئياتها ويصدر أحكاماً عليها من غير دليل. فكلمة الخوارج أو البغاة - مثلاً - التي أصبحنا نسمع من العامة يرددها ولا يعي معناها ولا يفقه في أحكامها شيئاً ولا ما يترتب عليها من عقوبات، والسبب في تداول تلك المصطلحات بين العامة ما حدث من صراعات في عصرنا الحاضر في بعض الدول الإسلامية، فهي لم تكن معلومة لديهم قديماً، وإنما البحث فيها كان بين أهل العلم، ولكن الحال اليوم تغير وأصبح الكثير يتهم بها فئة من الناس ليست على هواه دون علم ولا دليل. فهل يصح اتباع كل قائلٍ دون بينة؟ وهل يعتمد كل كلام دون تدبر ولا بحث! إن بعض الناس اليوم وصلت به الجرأة بتكفير غيره بمجرد قول مخالف له أو رأي معارض له، ويفتي بإهدار دمه أحياناً. فجاء هذا البحث بموضوعه يبين الفرق بين الخوارج والبغاة والمحاربين وتحديد مفهوم كل فريق منهم وتبيين العقوبة المقدرة شرعاً لكل منهم معزَزاً ذلك بأقوال الفقهاء وأدلتهم التي كانت عوناً للباحث في إثبات وتحديد كل مصطلح وما يترتب على ذلك من عقوبات، وقد توصل الباحث إلى عدة نتائج منها أنه لا يجوز لأحد من المسلمين أن يرمي غيره بالكفر أو بالخروج بمجرد معارضته لغيره أو إبداء رأي مخالف له، وأن كل مفهوم من هذه المفاهيم يختلف عن غيره في الصفة والعقوبة، كما لا يجوز لأحد الخوض في قضايا أو وقائع معاصرة لا يفقه أحكامها ولا يدرك عواقب ما يخوض فيه.
مِنْ مُخْتَصَرِ أَجْوِبَةِ فَتَاوَى الشّيْخِ عَليّ الأُجْهُورِيِّ مَعَ فُرُوعٍ مُفِيدَةٍ لابْنِ اَ رشِدِ القَفْصِيّ رَحِمَهُما الّلهُ تَقْدِيمًا وَتَحْقِيقًا
هَذَا العَملُ الذي أقدّمُهُ يَهْدِفُ إلى تَحقيقِ بَعْضِ الفَتَاوَى العَامّةِ للشيخِ عَليّ الْأُجْهُورِيِّ وَبَعْضِ الفُرُوعِ المفِيدَةِ لا ابْنِ رَاشِدٍ القَفْصي، وَفْقَ المنْهِج المتّبعِ في التّحقيقِ. جَعَلْتُ العَمَلَ في مقَدّمةٍ وَمطلبٍ دراسيٍّ ومَبَحْثينِ: المطلبُ الدراسي اشتملَ على دراسةِ بعضِ الفَتَاوَى والفُرُوعِ، والمبحثُ الأول-خَصّصتُه لتحقيقِ نَصّ فَتَاوىَ الشّيْخ عَليّ الْأُجْهُورِيِّ. والمبحثُ الآخر- جَعَلْتُهُ لتحقيقِ نَصّ الفُرُوع لابْنِ رَاشِدٍ الْقَفْصِيّ، إلى جَانِبِ ذلك عَزَوْتُ الأَقْوَالَ–بِقَدْرِ الإمْكَانِ- لأصحابها، وَرُبّما عَلّقْتُ عَلىَ بَعْضِها، ثُمَّ تَرْجَمتُ-باختصارٍ- لما يَرِدُ مِنْ أَعْلاَمٍ بها، وَأَشَرْتُ إلى المنهجِيّةِ في الفَتَاوى والفُرُوعِ، ثُمّ ذّيّلتُ العَمَلَ بقائمةِ المصَادِرِ وَالمراجِعِ.
وسطية الخطاب التواصلي الإعلامي المعاصر وعلاقته بتعزيز دور القيم والهوية والمواطنة
يُعد مفهوم الوسطية من المفاهيم المتداولة بشكل واسع عبر منصات التواصل الإعلامي والاجتماعي، ويقصد به الاتزان والاعتدال، وما هو معلوم أن مهنة الإعلام تتطلب نوعاً من تحقيق الاعتدال والتوازن، وذلك يكون بتوجيه الخطاب الإعلامي لتحقيق مبادى الوحدة والموضوعية في الاتزان، لربط النسيج الاجتماعي والسياسي، وهدفه تسخير كافة مصادر الإعلام لإظهار الحقيقة، كما هي، والنأي بالنفس عن كل تجاذبات واختلافات فكرية وسياسية وغيرها، ولتحقيق الوسطية لا بد أن تكون وسائل الاتصال الإعلامي موجهة ضد مفاهيم التطرف، والغلو، وتلتزم المعايير المهنية المنضبطة.