الحملة الصليبية الخامسة (الأسباب المباشرة وغير المباشرة)

الحملة الصليبية الخامسة

Abstract

This research addresses one of the crucial and intricate historical topics related to the causes of the Fifth Crusade, focusing directly on the outcomes of these campaigns. The causes are divided into *direct causes*, which are further classified into three categories: the first pertains to the Islamic side, the second concerns the Crusader side, and the third relates to the European context. The *indirect causes* include the political, economic, and social factors that prevailed in Europe prior to the launch of the Fifth Crusade.

The researcher examines the role of all these causes collectively in shaping the features of the Arab and Islamic world and its intellectual foundations. The study also reviews some of the results of the Seventh Crusade, which is considered one of the most significant Crusader campaigns faced by the Islamic world due to its profound negative consequences on Islamic society. Furthermore, the research highlights the role of scholars, thinkers, and historians in transmitting intellectual heritage and shaping a critical vision of history.

From the Crusaders’ perspective, the *direct reason* for launching the campaign was to reclaim Jerusalem; however, this goal could not be achieved without first seizing control of Egypt, whose human and economic potential made it the arsenal of the Islamic world and the primary obstacle standing in the way of their conquest of the Levant and Jerusalem in particular.